Talstar P is not labeled to be used around anything edible. It can stay in the soil for up to 5-7 years so any treated soil would not be able to be used. For treating fire ant mounds in a garden you could use Martins Surrender Fire Ant Killer which is labeled for use on selected agricultural crops and food bearing plants.
Talstar is meant to be applied to cracks and crevices not as a broadcast to floors. If you do mop an area that Talstar has been applied, then you could potentially take the product up and Talstar would need to be re applied.
Yes, Talstar P Professional Insecticide can be applied to any bushes, shrubs, trees, landscaped areas as well as flowering plants. However, you should minimize the spray on the actual flowering plants as you do not want it to expose the product to any bees that help with pollination. It is recommended that you spray when pollinators are not active, either in the early morning or late evening.